資源簡(jiǎn)介

(共23張PPT)
Unit 2
Getting along
外研版2024八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)
（Grammar）
目錄
Contents
01
02
03
04
Lead-in
Presentation
Production
Exercise
01
Lead-in
Lead-in
(a) The Giant has been away for a long time.
(b) Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.
Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
have/had /has+done
Lead-in
1. We have been friends Grade 3.
2. They have been together three years.
3. last year, we've shared a lot of happy moments.
Complete the sentences with for or since.
since
for
since
含有since 或for 的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
02
Presentation
Presentation
含有 since 或 for 的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
since 其后接過去某一“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”“時(shí)間段+ago”或從句(一般過去時(shí))，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)開始 since+過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)
①兩者均可用于完成時(shí)態(tài);在陳述句中，與其搭配的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
②“since+過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)”可以和“for+一段時(shí)間”進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換
③對(duì) since/for 構(gòu)成的表示時(shí)間段的短語(yǔ)或句子提問應(yīng)用 how long
since+一段時(shí)間+ago since+從句(一般過去時(shí)) It is/has been+時(shí)間段+since +一般過去時(shí)的句子 for 其后接表示“一段時(shí)間”的名詞短語(yǔ) for+一段時(shí)間
Presentation
It has been ten years since we met last time.
自從我們上次見面以來已經(jīng) 10年了。
Mr Green has lived in Shanghai since 1999.
格林先生自從 1999年以來就住在上海。
I have taught English since twelve years ago.
=I have taught English for twelve years.
我自從 12年前就教英語(yǔ)。
Presentation
延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 表示的是能夠延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)下去或產(chǎn)生持久的影響如:work, keep,walk, wait, live ,stay,know等 可以與表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)連用，如: for+時(shí)間段, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句等
非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 表示的動(dòng)作不能延續(xù)，即動(dòng)作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束或產(chǎn)生某種結(jié)果。如:open，borrow, come , g0 ,finish, close , buy 等 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在肯定句中與表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的狀語(yǔ)連用，
如: three months ago , at 4 o'clock
延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
Presentation
延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
①非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如: buy →have , borrow→keep。
My father bought the car three years ago.
→My father has had the car for three years.
我父親買這輛小汽車3年了。
②非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為“be+形容詞/副詞”,如:
leave →be away(from), open → be open, close →be closed , die → be dead
begin/start →be on, finish/end →be over
He left his hometown last year.>\
→ He has been away from his hometownsince last year 他去年離開了家鄉(xiāng)。
The cat died a week ago. → The cat has beendead for a week. 這只貓死了一個(gè)星期了。
Presentation
延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
③ 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為“be+介詞(短語(yǔ))”或“be+名詞”,如:
come/go/join/arrive →be in/at
join the army→be a soldier
Jim came to China ten years ago.
→Jim has been in China for ten years.吉姆來中國(guó) 10年了。
Presentation
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 動(dòng)作完成 強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響,常與just,already,yet等詞連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
強(qiáng)調(diào)到現(xiàn)在為止的生活經(jīng)歷，常與never,ever,once:twice 等詞連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
動(dòng)作未完成 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)發(fā)生，常與 for/since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
一般過去時(shí) 動(dòng)作已結(jié)束 表示過去某時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某時(shí)間段內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如yesterday,last year,in 2014等
表示過去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，可與頻度副詞搭配使用
03
Production
Production
Complete the news article with for, since and the correct form of the words in brackets.
Most people hope to receive birthday gifts,But jimmy Teng, or “Uncle Jimmy", doesthings differently
The 74-year-old has sold ice creams the past 17 years in Singapore
Every year, on 22 March- his birthday- he (offer) free ice creams. He has done this his 70th birthday.
This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams."People (be) quite stressed recently and l want to help," he said."Sharinghas made me feel happy the past four years.
since
offers
since
is
for
Production
Complete the news article with for, since and the correct form of the words in brackets.
He (enjoy) talking with his customers. Many of them havebecome his friends
they first met. Some students helped himset up social media pages. He has made many friends online then.
since
enjoys
since
Production
Work in pairs. Discuss your experience of sharing. Use the words from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you.
1. When did it happen
2. What happened
3. How did you feel about it
4. What have you learnt from it
>Useful expressions
have shared... with... for / since...
Sharing really brings...
Sharing has allowed / shown / taught me...
One day,...
How does sharing make you feel
lt makes me feel...
04
Exercise
Exercise
一、單項(xiàng)選擇題。
1.To build a big shopping centre, they decided to that old building.
A.pick up B. write down C.knock down D.wake up
2.With its famous mountains, lakes, and towns, China has so much to visitors
around the world.
A. miss B. offer C. leave D.protect
3. I advise you not to show anything on the Internet because it may bring you
problems.
A.personal B. interesting C. different D. difficult
C
B
A
Exercise
4.There's a in one of my shoes. Can you buy a new pair for me
A.zero B.hole C.key D.break
5. It's sad to know that the singer died, but her sweet will be remembered by the
world.
A. noise B.voice C.sound D.shout
6.The famous table tennis player Wang Chuqin 8 men's singles championships
in WTT events since 2022.
A.won B.has won C.wins D.win
B
B
B
Exercise
7.---Why are you looking for May in a hurry
---The boss is wondering where she and how long she there.
A.has been;has been B.has gone;has gone
C.has beenhas gone D.has gone;has been
8.---How long has Mr.White Joan
---I am not sure. Maybe they got married five years ago.
A.married B. got married to
C. been married with D.been married to
D
D
Exercise
9. Half an hour since the train
A. has passed;left B. has passed;has left
C.passed;has left D.passed;left
10.The shop owner stopped talking and his mouth was wide open like a big "O".
It was the president!
A.luckily B.suddenly C.politely D.recently
A
B
Exercise
二、短文填空。
There is an old saying that says when in Rome（羅馬），do as the Romans do. I learned the meaning of this when I stayed in Russia (1) an exchange teacher.
One day I invited some of my Chinese friends to a famous local (2) in Moscow. My (3) and I were excited from sightseeing and happy about our meeting. We had a lively chat until the waiter told me that we were being too（4） ．We lowered（降低） our voices. But this didn't last long. The waiter (5) over to us two more times with the same message.
bad an impression（印象）we must have left on the local people! In China, it's natural and important for a host to make a lively atmosphere（氣氛）．
as
restaurant
friends
loud/noisy
came
How
Exercise
（7） ，in Russia and Western countries， having a meal in a public place means you must keep your voice (8) .You need to be (9) to others.
I felt bad about this. Even though we (10) our best,it was very difficult to fight against habits.
However
low/down polite
tried/did

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